Classification of high pressure steam sterilizers

According to the different cold air discharge methods, pressure steamers are divided into two categories: downward exhaust pressure steamer and pre-vacuum pressure steamer. The bottom exhaust pressure steamer is also called the gravity displacement pressure steamer. It uses the principle of gravity displacement to make hot steam flow from top to bottom in the device, and the cold air is discharged from the lower exhaust hole. The discharged cold air is discharged from the lower exhaust hole. Replaced by saturated steam, the latent heat released by steam is used to reach the object. The principle of the pre-vacuum pressure steamer is to use mechanical vacuuming to form a negative pressure inside the cabinet, so that the steam can quickly penetrate into the interior of the item. According to the number of vacuuming times, it is divided into two types: pre-vacuum and pulsating vacuum. The latter has more complete air removal and more reliable effect due to multiple vacuumings.

The pressure steamer can use external pipe steam, or the electric steam boiler matched with the pressure steamer can be used to produce steam at any time. Some small downward exhaust pressure steamers can also use electric furnaces or gas furnaces to heat the water in the pot and generate steam to achieve the purpose. Generally speaking, the source of external pipe steam is sufficient and suitable for larger pressure steamers. The amount of steam generated by electric steam boilers per unit time is usually small and requires a longer heating time.

The traditional pressure steamer has a single door. As people's requirements for aseptic operation become more and more stringent, there are more and more pressure steamers with double-side doors. This type of steamer is especially suitable for areas with clean areas and contaminated areas. The place specializes in handling contaminated items that enter the clean area from the contaminated area. Double-door pressure steamers are also often used in the production process of some items in hospitals and pharmaceutical factories.

According to the position of the steam pipe in the pot, it can be divided into layered type and sleeve type. The steam pipe in the former is outside the pot cavity, which is a classic method. It has the characteristics of not occupying volume, convenient for item discharge and easy pot maintenance. The latter's steam pipe is in the pot cavity, which has the characteristics of easier processing, wider heat transfer area, and more direct and rapid heating.

Since the volume of the pressure vessel is related to the effect and monitoring method, the Standardization Committee classifies pressure steamers with a volume of less than 60 liters as small pressure steamers. According to the shape characteristics of the steamer, there are differences between vertical, horizontal, desktop and mobile pressure steamers.

Ordinary pressure steamers generally do not consider the environmental pollution of the discharged cold air when designing, but when handling infectious items, the cold air needs to be disinfected, especially when the pressure steamer of a biosafety laboratory is in the exhaust pipe. There should be cold air disinfection treatment devices on all floors.